Single-Layer Low-Profile Wideband Antenna Based on Non-Uniform Radiating Elements

Wideband antenna

Authors

Keywords:

Compact, single layer, wideband, non-uniform

Abstract

This paper presents a single-layer low-profile antenna with wideband operation based on non-uniform radiating elements. The antenna is first designed with four square patches with center excitation. Then, multiple patches with different dimensions are positioned on both sides to produce two adjacent resonances in the high frequency. Accordingly, wideband operation with single layer configuration can be obtained. The final antenna has overall dimensions of 1.04 λ × 0.61 λ × 0.02 λ at 5.2 GHz. The measured on the fabricated antenna demonstrate wideband operation of 15.4%, ranging from 4.8 to 5.6 GHz. Across this band, the realized gain remains above 5.0 dBi with a peak of 7.9 dBi. Furthermore, the antenna maintains stable radiation patterns, and the front-to-back ratio (FBR) consistently exceeds 16 dB. Compared with existing single-layer wideband designs, the proposed antenna offers the lowest profile while providing a well-balanced combination of bandwidth, gain, and FBR.

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Author Biographies

Thai Nguyen-Dinh, Phenikaa University

Thai Nguyen-Dinh received a B.S. degree in Communication Command at Telecommunications University, Vietnam, in 2010. He received his M.S. degree in Telecommunication Engineering from Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Vietnam in 2021. He is currently pursuing a Ph.D degree at Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam. His research interests have included reconfigurable antennas, MIMO antennas, and metamaterial-based antennas.

Anh Nguyen-Quang, Phenikaa University

Anh Nguyen-Quang is currently an undergraduate student majoring in Electrical and Electronic Engineering with Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Phenikaa School of Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, Vietnam. His research activities are focused on the design and optimization of microstrip antennas, RF circuit design, and electromagnetics.

Hoang Nguyen-Huy, Phenikaa University

Hoang Nguyen-Huy received the B.E. degree in Electronics and Telecommunications from the Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2013. He is currently a Research Assistant with the Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Phenikaa School of Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, Vietnam. His current research interests involve the development of single-layer microstrip patch antennas and lowprofile wideband structures. His research activities are centered on achieving high-performance radiation characteristics within constrained physical volumes, focusing on impedance bandwidth expansion and the integration of wideband elements into compact RF front-ends.

Niamat Hussain, University of Glasgow

Niamat Hussain (Senior Member, IEEE) is a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) at the Division of Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK. Previously, he worked as an Assistant Professor in Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering at Sejong University, Korea (2022–2024). Dr. Niamat’s research expertise spans Antenna Engineering, including mmwave and THz antennas, metasurface and beamforming antennas; Microwave Engineering, such as wireless power transfer and Reflecting Intelligent Surfaces, and metamaterials; and Bioelectromagnetics, focusing on SAR reduction in wearable devices and the health effects of electromagnetic fields. Dr. Niamat’s work has been recognized globally. He has been featured among the World’s Top 2% Scientists (2021–2023) by Stanford University and received numerous other awards, including an endorsement as a UK Exceptional Talent in the field of Applied Electromagnetics, awarded to earlycareer world-leading innovators and scientists by the Royal Academy of Engineering under the UKBA Tier 1 program. Dr. Niamat is actively involved in professional activities, serving as an Associate Editor of the IEEE Internet of Things Journal, editorial board member for Electronics, Micromachines, IET Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation, and guest editor for multiple prestigious journals. He is a senior member of IEEE and several professional societies, including the European Bioelectromagnetic Society, the Korean Society of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science, and a Member of the Evaluation Committee for National Research and Development Projects in South Korea. His research is dedicated to advancing technology with a strong focus on societal and environmental benefits.

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Published

2026-05-21

How to Cite

Nguyen-Dinh, T., Nguyen-Quang, A., Nguyen-Huy, H., & Hussain, N. (2026). Single-Layer Low-Profile Wideband Antenna Based on Non-Uniform Radiating Elements: Wideband antenna. IEEE Latin America Transactions, 24(7), 735–741. Retrieved from https://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/10613

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 7 (2026): Ordinary Issue

Section

Electronics