Dynamic Multimachine Modeling and Optimal Tuning of Automatic Generation Control

Authors

Keywords:

Automatic generation control, optimal parameters, SCADA/EMS, heuristic optimization, mean-variance mapping optimization, WAMS

Abstract

This article describes the control scheme of an actual SCADA/EMS AGC (Automatic Generation Control) function and proposes a methodology for tuning the parameters of both generation units and AGC control systems. AGC tuning is split into two stages: unit control logic parameters and AGC system. In order to determine the optimal parameters, the application of a heuristic optimization algorithm, named MVMO (Mean-Variance Mapping Optimization), is proposed to solve a defined optimization problem. The proposed tuning methodology is validated using a realistic simulation environment named Operator Training Simulator (OTS). In addition, AGC system parameters are determined from real SCADA records and primary frequency response (PFR) obtained from frequency events recorded by the Ecuadorian WAMS (Wide Area Monitoring System). Finally, the AGC system is modeled in PowerFactory with the aim of achieving a realistic AGC model, considering a multimachine power system. For this aim, AGC control is implemented considering the realistic four-seconds sampling period related to a SCADA/EMS and the implementation of a filter that measures the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) for allowing the primary frequency control to be previously performed. This model is then validated by simulations of generation outage events using a reduced model of the Ecuador-Colombia interconnected power system in PowerFactory.

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Author Biographies

José Enríquez, Operador Nacional de Electricidad - CENACE

José Enríquez was born in Quito, Ecuador in 1989. He received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Polytechnic School, Quito, Ecuador, in 2014 and the M.S. degree in electricity from Salesian Polytechnic University, Quito, Ecuador, in 2022. Since 2014, he has been a SCADA Engineer with the National Electricity Operator CENACE, Quito, Ecuador. His research interests include power system operation, SCADA/EMS and automatic generation control.

Jaime Cepeda, National Polytechnic School EPN, Quito, Ecuador

Jaime Cristobal Cepeda (Senior Member, IEEE) is an Ecuadorian Electrical Engineer from National Polytechnic School, Ecuador since 2005. He got the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Argentina in 2013 and the Master degree in Big Data from Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, Spain in 2021. His doctoral thesis was awarded by the “Domingo Faustino Sarmiento” 2014 prize, he was also recognized by the MIT Technology Review Innovators under 35 award in 2015, and he obtained a prize for Innovation on Digitalization from CIER in 2021 for PSS tuning using WAMS. He was the Chief Executive Officer at Ecuadorian Agency of Energy and Non-Renewable Resources between 2021 and 2022 and the Head of Research and Development Department at National Electricity Operator CENACE between 2015 and 2021. At present, he serves as full-time University Professor in Master and Doctoral Programs and performs international consulting services. His special fields of interest comprise power system operations, power system modeling, WAMS, and application data science into power systems.

Oscar de Lima, deBarr C.A., Caracas, Venezuela

Oscar de Lima Garmendia received the B.S. degree in electrical engineer from Simon Bolivar University, Venezuela, in 1980 and M.S. degree in business administration from IESA, Venezuela, in 1987. He is currently Director of Engineering for the company deBarr, Venezuela. He has been involved in control centers since 1980, providing consulting services for electricity companies in the areas of advanced applications of operational safety, automatic generation control and economic dispatch. He participated in the studies that led to the implementation of the AGC in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. He has been and continues to serve as an instructor for engineers and dispatchers in the operation and maintenance of SCADA/EMS systems in more than 16 countries. He has made technical publications in the area of automatic generation control, situational awareness and contingency analysis.

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Published

2024-01-16

How to Cite

Enríquez, J., Cepeda, J., & de Lima, O. (2024). Dynamic Multimachine Modeling and Optimal Tuning of Automatic Generation Control. IEEE Latin America Transactions, 22(2), 126–135. Retrieved from https://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8475

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 2 (2024): Ordinary Issue

Section

Electric Energy