ISD2K – reference model to represent an information system oriented to knowledge production
Keywords:
Knowledge based systems, Information systems, Systems ArchitectureAbstract
The generation of knowledge (K) is a continuous and necessary effort for human evolution. Electronic records have enabled data processing, storage, and transfer to extend and accelerate this evolutionary effort. Electronic systems have been created to automate and record data from a process, for governments, organizations, and even for individuals. The expansion of these systems and the gradual increase of their complexity demanded the creation of Information Systems (IS) that aggregate data from several other systems to perform analysis and reports to support decision making, i.e., knowledge production (KP). The concept of Big Data - large volumes of data, with diverse structures, produced at an uncommon speed - describes the exponential growth of data production, but the same did not happen with the production of K. The objective of this work was to contribute to reduce this gap through the presentation of a reference model of IS to represent comprehensive and qualitatively measurable architectures in the KP. The method proposed in this work was the literature review about K, IS and reference models for information systems architecture (ISA), followed by the proposition of an IS reference model oriented to the conversion of data into knowledge (ISD2K) through a static and dynamic conceptual model. This proposition was validated from the description of a use case using ISD2K and elaboration of adherence questionnaires and evaluation of two IS in use at INPE (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais). The model is based on a common usage language, describing six views or perspectives and nine representations to each view that allow to deliver an integrated representation from different points of view inside an organization of an IS where is possible to distinct data, information and knowledge and plan and qualify the KP data oriented. The aspects of quality, utilization and impact were highlighted in this model as an innovative contribution to an IS model.
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