https://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/issue/feedIEEE Latin America Transactions2024-07-31T10:42:53-07:00Daniel Ulises Campos-Delgadoducd@ieee.orgOpen Journal Systems<p> </p> <p>IEEE Latin America Transactions is a peer-reviewed, refereed, monthly scientific Journal of IEEE focused on the dissemination of quality research papers and review articles (Reviews) written in English, Spanish or Portuguese in three main areas<strong>: Computing, (Electric) Energy and Electronics, </strong>papers reporting emerging topics or solving problems of Latin America are preferred. Some of the sub-areas of the journal are, but not limited to: control of systems, communications, instrumentation, artificial intelligence, power and industrial electronics, diagnosis and detection of faults, transportation electrification, internet of things, electrical machines, microwaves, circuits, and systems, biomedicine and biomedical/haptic applications, secure communications, robotics, sensors and actuators, industrial systems, renewable energy (electric), computer networks, smart grids, among others.</p> <p><a href="https://latamt.ieeer9.org/">https://latamt.ieeer9.org/</a></p> <p>For a paper to be eligible for the Journal, substantial contribution with respect to previous work must be demonstrated. Moreover, papers contributing to the <strong>United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for Latin America</strong> are strongly preferred; such motivation should be included in the letter to the editor and in the manuscript. The goals are the following:</p> <p><a title="United Nations Sustainable Development Goals" href="https://www.undp.org/sustainable-development-goals">https://www.undp.org/sustainable-development-goals</a></p> <p><strong><br />Journal bibliometrics in 2023</strong></p> <p>Acceptance rate: 18%<br />First editorial decision: 7 days<br />Submission to decision: 57 days<br />Impact Factor: 1.3 (Q3 journal)<br />CiteScore: 3.5 (Q2 journal)</p>https://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8866CPP-UNet: Combined Pyramid Pooling Modules in the U-Net Network for Kidney, Tumor and Cyst Segmentation2024-06-15T02:11:24-07:00Caio Eduardo Falcão Matoscaioefalcao@nca.ufma.brGeraldo Braz Juniorgeraldo@nca.ufma.brJoão Dallyson Sousa de Almeidajdallyson@nca.ufma.br Anselmo Cardoso de Paivapaiva@nca.ufma.br<p>Renal carcinoma stands prominently as a significant contributor to global cancer-related mortality rates, highlighting the critical importance of early detection and diagnosis in the management of this ailment. Moreover, the rising incidence of kidney tumors poses a challenge in differentiating between malignant and benign lesions using radiographic methods. Therefore, we present CPP-UNet, an innovative convolutional neural network-based architecture designed for the segmentation of renal structures, including the kidneys themselves and renal masses (cysts and tumors), in a computed tomography (CT) scan. Particularly, we investigate the fusion of the Pyramid Pooling Module (PPM) and Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) for improving the UNet network by integrating contextual information across multiple scales. Our proposed method yielded promising outcomes in the Kidney and Kidney Tumor Segmentation challenge (KiTS21 and KiTS23) datasets, exhibiting Dice indices of 93.51% and 92.84% for Kidneys and Masses, 90.33% and 92.08% for Renal Masses, and 85.69% and 88.17% for Tumors, respectively.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8927Modelling pedestrian behaviour using swarm techniques2024-06-15T16:28:18-07:00Yago Ávila Moréyago.avila.more@alumnos.upm.esBasil Mohammed Al-Hadithibasil.alhadithi@upm.esVictor Cadix Martín victor.cadix.martin@alumnos.upm.es<p>Modelling pedestrians and groups of people is a highly multidisciplinary technique, given the significant interest it attracts from various branches of science and engineering. This results in many different methodologies that may arise from diverse objectives. The model developed in this work is an agent-based model, in which pedestrian behaviour is defined by a set of forces. Each force models an aspect of pedestrian gait, with the objective of creating a virtual environment to train and test control systems for collaborative robots or autonomous vehicles. To meet the modelling requirements, the system employs various algorithms, such as "flocking"\, which simulates the coordination and formation of groups, "pathfinding", which enables agents to discover optimal routes within a given space, and algorithms specialized in avoiding walls and dynamic obstacles. These components collaborate to accurately depict how crowds move and react in different environments and situations. Thanks to the modularity of this approach, which facilitates the adjustment and expansion of the components, the developed system can be integrated into various applications, such as simulating non-playable characters (NPCs) in video games or modelling the evacuation of a building.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8718Multilevel Deep Semantic Feature Asymmetric Network for Cross-Modal Hashing Retrieval2024-06-15T09:20:09-07:00Xiaolong Jiang2022110516060@stu.cqnu.edu.cnJiabao Fan2021210516032@stu.cqnu.edu.cnJie Zhang2022210516118@stu.cqnu.edu.cnZiyong Lin2022210516070@stu.cqnu.edu.cnMingyong Lilimingyong@cqnu.edu.cn<p>Cross-modal hash retrieval has been widely applied due to its efficiency and low storage overhead. In the domain of supervised cross-modal hash retrieval, existing methods exhibit limitations in refining data features, leading to insufficiently detailed semantic information extraction and inaccurate reflection of data similarity. The challenge lies in utilizing multi-level deep semantic features of the data to generate more refined hash representations, thereby reducing the semantic gap and heterogeneity caused by different modalities. To address this challenging problem, we propose a multilevel deep semantic feature asymmetric network structure (MDSAN). Firstly, this architecture explores the multilevel deep features of the data, generating more accurate hash representations under richer supervised information guidance. Secondly, we investigate the preservation of asymmetric similarity within and between different modalities, allowing for a more comprehensive utilization of the multilevel deep features to bridge the gap among diverse modal data. Our network architecture effectively enhances model accuracy and robustness. Extensive experiments on three datasets validate the significant improvement advantages of the MDSAN model structure compared to current methods.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8874Development and comparison of a vision system for hook inspection on cranes2024-06-24T01:03:16-07:00Luis Alberto Tovar Ortizltovaro2100@alumno.ipn.mxMiguel Hernández-Bolañosmbolanos@ipn.mxJuan Carlos Herrera-Lozadajlozada@ipn.mxIsrael Rivera-Zárateirivera@ipn.mxMauricio Olguín-Carbajalmolguinc@ipn.mxJacobo Sandoval-Gutierrezj.sandoval@correo.ler.uam.mx<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Overhead cranes are industrial machines that can cause user accidents due to deficiencies in inspecting their various components. One of the activities consists of verifying that the load hook does not exceed the limit deformation. However, the lack of historical records and negligence in visual inspection is a problem to ensure a correct maintenance service. Therefore, the objective of the research was to develop a vision system capable of inspecting, recording, and verifying the hook parameters. The method involved designing a vision module on an integral crane scanner system. A five-state deformation experiment of a cargo hook was modeled with ANSYS and fabricated in 3D printing to validate the proposed module by measuring the parameters manually with a commercial and proprietary vision system. The comparison between the two systems was satisfactory in detecting the latch and the correct position. Finally, the proprietary system improved the resolution up to 0.0435 mm on the hook deformation. With the system’s contribution, it will be possible to know the valuable and safe life of the crane hook by automatic constant inspection.</span></p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8933A new Channel and QoS Aware Scheduler algorithm for real time and non real time traffic in 5G heterogeneous networks2024-07-01T08:28:06-07:00Gabriel Andrade Queirozgabriel.andrade@ufu.brEderson Rosa da Silvaersilva@ufu.br<p>5G mobile communication systems have increasing demands related to Quality of Service (QoS) parameters integrated with high user densification in heterogeneous network scenarios. In this sense, 5G networks are expected to handle a wide range of applications and services. Therefore, scheduling algorithms that can benefit users of real-time (RT) and non-real-time (NRT) applications are studied. System-level simulations are carried out to analyze the performance of a new proposed Channel and Quality of Service Aware scheduler (CQAS) and compare it to Round Robin (RR), Best Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and QoS Aware Scheduler (QAS) in a heterogeneous network with multiple traffic models while varying the number of users to stress test the network. The results show that CQAS has significant gains in overall throughput and latency while performing well in the reliability and fairness index.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8923Digital Twin Implementation for an Additive Manufacturing Robotic Cell based on the ISO 23247 Standard2024-06-20T03:32:12-07:00Joao Vítor Arantes Cabraljvarantescabraltrab@gmail.comAlberto José Álvaresalvares@AlvaresTech.comGuilherme Caribé de Carvalhogccarval@unb.br<p>Recent developments in the field of Additive Manufacturing have been improving the capabilities of the technique not only to be able to build complex geometry parts layer by layer with different materials, but also including the so-called Industry 4.0 technologies, namely Internet of Things (IoT), big data (BD) and Digital Twins (DT). The combination of these technologies with Additive Manufacturing allows online process monitoring and simulation, along with the cloud storage of the process and geometry data collected during the material deposition. The analysis of such data allows online and post-deposition identification of eventual process instabilities that can lead to quality problems. Considering the above-mentioned concepts, this work presents a DT architecture based on the ISO 23247-Digital Twin Framework for Manufacturing standard. In this sense, an approach of a Digital Twin framework for metal additive manufacturing process in a robotic cell composed of a robotic arm, positioning table and welding machine is presented and validated, focusing on the collection and cloud storage of both geometrical and process data along with near real-time process simulation.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8895Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Enclosed Environments Based on Two-Dimensional LiDAR: Starting Point and Future Challenges2024-06-27T01:58:53-07:00Pablo Raul Yanyachiraulpab@unsa.edu.peAlfredo Mamani Saicoamamanisai@unsa.edu.peFlor Chaconfchacong@unsa.edu.peMiguel Esquivelmesquivelya@unsa.edu.peJuan Carlos Cutipa Luquejcutipalu@unsa.edu.peDaniel Yanyachidyanyachi@unsa.edu.pe<p>Robotics and LiDAR technology stand as a crucial cornerstone for the development of cutting-edge three-dimensional mapping systems. This study represents a significant advancement by addressing the development of an initial approach for a three-dimensional mapping system, utilizing a unique LiDAR translational mechanism. In pursuit of this objective, a comprehensive review of works exclusively dedicated to mechanisms employing two-dimensional LiDAR has been conducted. This selective approach results in a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism used for three-dimensional reconstruction and lays the groundwork for future endeavors. Furthermore, a robotic prototype has been implemented using the Robot Operating System (ROS), serving as an accessible tool for implementing our initial approach and engaging new researchers from our university in the application of robotics for three-dimensional reconstruction through LiDAR technology. The validation of our study is conducted through tests in both open and closed environments, revealing high data resolution and a correlation of over 98% with the real environment. The study suggests further research based on the identified errors and introduces new challenges for developing robust prototypes capable of handling changes in a robot's attitude.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/9118Table of Contents August 20242024-07-13T00:18:34-07:00Daniel Ulises Campos Delgadoducd@ieee.org<p>Table of Contents August 2024</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8749A Novel Transformer Less Ultra Gain DC-DC Converter for Renewable Micro Energy Sources2024-07-12T12:13:48-07:00Manikanta Kuragantikm21eerer13@student.nitw.ac.inRamulu Chinthamallarnitchinthamalla@nitw.ac.in<p><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">This</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">article</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">proposes</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">a</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">novel</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">Ultra</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">Gain</span> <span dir="ltr" role="presentation">Cubic </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">(UGC) DC-DC converter for integrating PV and Fuel cell into the </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">grid. The proposed UGC has 12 components in total, including a</span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">single switch. The steady-state operation of the converter in both </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">modes were explained and necessary equations were derived. </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">The impact of parasitic elements on the UGC’s DC-voltage gain </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">is investigated and finally the stability of the UGC converter </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">is verified through state space averaging technique. Optimized </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">number of components, Ultra voltage gain, input and output </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">terminals are connected to same ground, Single switch, input </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">current continuous are the key aspects of the UGC converter. </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">A 300W prototype with a 325V output voltage is tested and </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">val</span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">idated using hardware results.</span></p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8878Noise Amplitude in Ambient PMU Data and its Impact on Load Models Identification2024-07-19T06:14:26-07:00Joffre Remigio Constante Seguraj.constante@hotmail.comGraciela Colomégcolome@iee-unsjconicet.orgDiego Echeverríadecheverria@cenace.gob.ec<p>A current trend in load modeling topic is to take advantage of ambient data from Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) to estimate the parameters of load models. In this context, the estimation algorithms or methodologies that are proposed or investigated need to be evaluated in a controlled environment, where, among other things, synthetic PMU measurements obtained from simulations are used. These synthetic measurements require the addition of noise to be like the real ones. The problem found in the literature is the large difference in noise magnitudes used by the authors in their research. These magnitudes in several cases are inconsistent with each other and even seem to be exaggerated. It is for this reason that the present work determines the noise contained in the ambient data reported by PMU. The reliability of the results of this work is based, among other things, on the use of real PMU measurements, located in two different countries, with diverse reporting rates, and located at high, medium, and low voltage. Moreover, this work quantifies the impact that noise has on load modeling with ambient PMU data. In conclusion, the main results of this work are two. The first one covers the noise magnitudes contained in ambient PMU data. The second one demonstrates that noise has a significant and negative impact on load modeling.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactionshttps://latamt.ieeer9.org/index.php/transactions/article/view/8949Energetic and Environmental Benefits of Residential Solar Microgeneration Added to Electric Vehicle Recharging in the City of Rio de Janeiro2024-07-03T09:39:45-07:00Fernando Jorge Monteiro Diasfernando.dias@eng.uerj.brPaulo Eduardo Darski Rochapaulo.rocha@eng.uerj.brLuiz Artur Pecorelli Pereslapp_uerj@yahoo.com.brSergio Escalantes.escalante@eng.uerj.br<p>This work investigates the performance of residential microgeneration photovoltaic PV systems connected to the electrical grid. It considers the overall available energy for powering households and charging electric vehicles (EVs). The conducted assessments elucidate the developed methodology and criteria for sizing PV panels, utilizing calculations derived from PV-SOL software. Analysis of atmospheric emissions indicates a reduction in greenhouse gases, notably fossil carbon dioxide (CO2). These assessments have been compared to internal combustion vehicle (ICV) calculations, expressed in the annual equivalent number of trees required to neutralize emissions. Results from Rio de Janeiro, with ample annual sunlight availability, show a positive energy supply balance for such installations. Combining PV power with EV charging is promising, assuming an average daily journey of 84 km and nighttime charging occurring approximately 4 hours after peak hours.</p>2024-07-31T00:00:00-07:00Copyright (c) 2024 IEEE Latin America Transactions